Li-motors tsa DC ke mechini e fumanehang hohle e fumanehang mefuteng e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tse sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng.

Ka tloaelo, li-motor tsena li sebelisoa ka lisebelisoa tse hlokang mofuta o itseng oa taolo ea rotary kapa ea ho sisinyeha.Li-motors tsa hajoale ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa mererong e mengata ea boenjiniere ba motlakase.Ho ba le kutloisiso e ntle ea ts'ebetso ea makoloi a DC le taolo ea lebelo la makoloi ho thusa baenjiniere ho rala lits'ebetso tse fihlelang taolo e nepahetseng haholoanyane ea motsamao.

Sengoliloeng sena se tla shebisisa mefuta ea li-motor tsa DC tse fumanehang, mokhoa oa tsona oa ts'ebetso, le mokhoa oa ho fihlela taolo ea lebelo.

DC Motors ke eng?

Joalo kaLisebelisoa tsa AC, li-motors tsa DC li boetse li fetola matla a motlakase hore e be matla a mochini.Ts'ebetso ea bona ke e ka morao ea jenereithara ea DC e hlahisang motlakase.Ho fapana le li-motor tsa AC, li-motor tsa DC li sebetsa ka matla a DC-e seng sinusoidal, matla a sa sebetseng.

Kaho ea Motheo

Leha li-motor tsa DC li entsoe ka mekhoa e fapaneng, kaofela li na le likarolo tse latelang tsa mantlha:

• Rotor (karolo ea mochini o potolohang; hape o tsejoa e le "armature")
• Stator (maqhubu a lebaleng, kapa karolo e "emeng" ea enjene)
• Commutator (e ka ba le brushless kapa brushless, ho itšetlehile ka mofuta oa koloi)
• Limanete tsa masimong (ho fana ka matla a khoheli a fetolang axle e hokahantsoeng le rotor)

Ka ts'ebetso, li-motors tsa DC li sebetsa ho ipapisitse le tšebelisano lipakeng tsa matla a khoheli a hlahisoang ke letsoho le potolohang le la stator kapa karolo e tsitsitseng.

Selaoli se se nang sensorless DC brushless motor.Setšoantšo se sebelisitsoeng ka tlhompho eaKenzi Mudge.

Molao-motheo oa Ts'ebetso

Li-motors tsa DC li sebetsa ho latela molao-motheo oa Faraday oa electromagnetism o bolelang hore conductor e tsamaisang hona joale e ba le matla ha e behiloe sebakeng sa makenete.Ho ea ka molao oa Fleming oa "Left-hand for electric motors," motsamao oa conductor ona o lula o lebile ka lehlakoreng le lekanang le matla a hona joale le matla a khoheli.

Ka lipalo, re ka hlalosa matla ana e le F = BIL (moo F e leng matla, B ke matla a khoheli, ke emela hona joale, 'me L ke bolelele ba mokhanni).

Mefuta ea likoloi tsa DC

Li-motors tsa DC li oela ka mekhahlelo e fapaneng, ho latela kaho ea tsona.Mefuta e atileng haholo e kenyelletsa brushed kapa brushless, makenete e sa feleng, letoto, le parallel.

Brushed le Brushless Motors

Enjene ea DC e entsoeng ka brushede sebelisa para ea graphite kapa borashe ba k'habone bakeng sa ho tsamaisa kapa ho tsamaisa motlakase ho tsoa ho lihlomo.Hangata borashe bona ba lula haufi le motho ea tsamaeang.Mesebetsi e meng ea bohlokoa ea borashe ka har'a li-motors tsa DC e kenyelletsa ho etsa bonnete ba hore ts'ebetso e sa phatsime, ho laola tsela ea hona joale nakong ea ho potoloha, le ho boloka sepalangoang se hloekile.

Brushless DC motorsha e na borashe ba carbon kapa graphite.Hangata li na le makenete e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta tse sa feleng tse pota-potileng sebaka se tsitsitseng.Sebakeng sa borashe, li-mothara tsa DC tse se nang brush li sebelisa li-circuits tsa elektroniki ho laola tsela ea ho potoloha le lebelo.

Likoloi tse sa Feleng tsa Magnet

Li-motor tse sa feleng tsa makenete li na le rotor e pota-potiloeng ke limakenete tse peli tse hanyetsanang tse sa feleng.Limanete li fana ka phallo ea matla a khoheli ha dc e feta, e etsang hore rotor e bilike ka tsela ea oache kapa e khahlanong le oache, ho latela polarity.Molemo o moholo oa mofuta ona oa enjene ke hore e khona ho sebetsa ka lebelo la synchronous le maqhubu a sa khaotseng, e lumellang taolo e nepahetseng ea lebelo.

Series-leqeba DC Motors

Series Motors na stator bona (hangata e entsoe ka mekoallo koporo) windings le masimong windings (coils koporo) kopantswe letoto la lihlooho tse.Ka lebaka leo, maqhubu a lihlomo le maqhubu a lebaleng aa lekana.Matla a phahameng a phalla ka ho toba ho tloha phepelong ho ea lebaleng la mapheo a maholo le a fokolang ho feta a shunt motors.Botenya ba mapheo a masimong bo eketsa matla a ho jara moroalo oa enjene hape bo hlahisa libaka tse matla tsa makenete tse fanang ka li-motor tsa DC torque e phahameng haholo.

Shunt DC Motors

Enjene ea shunt DC e na le lihlomo tsa eona le mapheo a masimong a hokahaneng ka ho bapa.Ka lebaka la khokahano e bapileng, li-winding tse peli li fumana motlakase o tšoanang oa phepelo, leha li thabile ka thoko.Li-motor tsa Shunt hangata li na le li-winding tse ngata ho feta li-motor tse ngata tse hlahisang matla a khoheli nakong ea ts'ebetso.Li-motor tsa Shunt li ka ba le taolo e ntle ea lebelo, leha li na le meroalo e fapaneng.Leha ho le joalo, hangata ha ba na torque e phahameng ea ho qala ea li-motors tsa letoto.

Potoloho ea taolo ea enjene le lebelo e kentsoeng mochining o monyane.Setšoantšo se sebelisitsoeng ka tlhompho eaDilshan R. Jayakody

DC Motor Speed ​​Control

Ho na le mekhoa e meraro ea mantlha ea ho fihlela taolo ea lebelo letotong la li-motor tsa DC - taolo ea flux, taolo ea voltage, le taolo ea ho hanyetsa lihlomo.

1. Mokhoa oa ho laola Flux

Mokhoeng oa ho laola phallo, rheostat (mofuta oa mohanyetsi o feto-fetohang) o hokahane ka letoto le mapheo a tšimo.Sepheo sa karolo ena ke ho eketsa letoto la ho hanyetsa li-winding tse tla fokotsa phallo, ka lebaka leo, ho eketsa lebelo la motlakase.

2. Mokhoa oa ho laola motlakase

Mokhoa o fapaneng oa taolo o sebelisoa hangata ho li-motor tsa shunt dc.Ho na le, hape, mekhoa e 'meli ea ho fihlella taolo ea taolo ea motlakase:

• Ho hokela lebala la shunt ho motlakase o tsitsitseng o tsitsitseng ha o ntse o fana ka armature ka li-voltages tse fapaneng (aka taolo ea matla a mangata)
• Ho feto-fetoha ha motlakase o fanoang ho armature (aka mokhoa oa Ward Leonard)

3. Mokhoa oa Taolo ea ho hanyetsa Armature

Taolo ea ho hanyetsa lihlomo e thehiloe holim'a molao-motheo oa hore lebelo la koloi le lekana ka ho toba le EMF e ka morao.Kahoo, haeba motlakase oa phepelo le khanyetso ea lihlomo li bolokoa ka boleng bo sa feleng, lebelo la enjene le tla lekana ka kotloloho le lebelo la lihlomo.